Saturday, November 23, 2013

Great Philosophers

  
Aristotle Contemplating a Bust of Homer
(painting by Rembrandt)
 
 
Nietzsche by Edvard Munch
 
 
 
 

It seems to me, that philosophers are part scientist and part linguist; there are
even philosophers of science such as Carnap and Popper. Often philosophers
talk in circles and end up where they started, but there is no denying that they
present (and attempt to answer) the prime questions of existence. Many of the
following were more than just philosophers (Aristotle, Pythagoras and Francis
Bacon for example), but I tried to select a diverse group of thinkers.


 
 
"Philosophy has no end in view save truth; faith looks
for nothing but obedience and piety."
 
"I do not know how to teach philosophy without becoming a
disturber of established religion."
 
Baruch Spinoza
 



 
 


 
 
"Superstition sets the whole world in flames; philosophy extinguishes it."
Voltaire
 
"In theology we must consider the predominance of authority;
in philosophy the predominance of reason."
Johannes Kepler


 

School of Athens by Raphael
(includes Plato, Aristotle, Heraclitus and Diogenes)
 
Death of Socrates
by  Jacques-Louis David

 
The Death of Socrates
by Jean-François-Pierre Peyron
 
Death of Socrates
by Jacques-Philip-Joseph de Saint-Quentin
 
The Death of Socrates
by Giambettino Cignaroli
 
 
"In every age, natural philosophy had a troublesome adversary and hard to deal with;
namely, superstition, and blind and immoderate zeal of religion."
Francis Bacon
 
 
Socrates
 
 
 
Plato
 

 
Aristotle

David Hume
 
Pythagoras of Samos
 
Confucius


John Locke
 
Rene Descartes

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
 

Ludwig Wittgenstein
 

Bertrand Russell
 
http://youtu.be/tP4FDLegX9s  1959 interview
 
 
 
Friedrich Nietzsche
 

Immanuel Kant
 

Jean-Jacques Rousseau
 
Philo of Alexandria
 
 
Lao Tzu
 
 
Thomas Aquinas
(reluctantly added to list)
 

Baruch Spinoza
 

Thomas Hobbes
 
Karl Marx

Jean-Paul Sartre


Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
 

Epicurus
 
Zeno of Citium
 
Ralph Waldo Emerson

Henry David Thoreau
 

Niccolo Machiavelli
 
 
John Stuart Mill
 

Søren Kierkegaard
 

George Berkeley
 
 
Mary Wollstonecraft
 
Plotinus

William of Ockham
 
 
Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Abd Allah ibn Sina
(Avicenna)
 

George Santayana
 

Albert Camus
 
Simone de Beauvoir
 
 

Arthur Schopenhauer
 


Michel Foucalt
 
 

Gottlob Frege
 
 
Diogenes of Sinope

Denis Diderot
 

Edward Husserl
 

Francis Bacon
 

Thales of Miletus
 
 
Xenophanes
 

Heraclitus
 

Martin Heidegger
 

Thomas Paine

Voltaire
 
Friedrich Schelling

Karl Popper
 

William James
 
José Ortega y Gasset
 
Auguste Comte
 
 
Miguel de Unamuno
 
Alfred North Whitehead

Jacques  Derrida
 
 
Rudolf Carnap
 
 
Fyodor Dostoyevsky
 
Noam Chomsky